Biology MCQ, Class-11th, Chapter-2, Biological Classification

NCERT based Biology MCQ of Class 11th, Chapter-2, Biological Classification with brief explanation with every answer for competitive exams like TGT HTET, KVS PGT, SSC and all other state competition exams.

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NCERT Based MCQ with Explanation:

1. Which scientist proposed the Five Kingdom Classification?

a) Linnaeus

b) Aristotle

c) R.H. Whittaker

d) Charles Darwin

Explanation: R.H. Whittaker proposed the Five Kingdom Classification system in 1969, which includes Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.

2. Which of the following is not included in the Kingdom Monera?

a) Cyanobacteria

b) Archaebacteria

c) Eubacteria

d) Slime moulds

Explanation: Slime moulds belong to Kingdom Protista, while cyanobacteria, archaebacteria, and eubacteria are part of Kingdom Monera.

3. What is the basis of Whittaker’s Five Kingdom Classification?

a) Habitat

b) Morphological features

c) Mode of nutrition and body organization

d) Reproductive strategies

Explanation: Whittaker’s classification was based on cell structure, body organization, mode of nutrition, reproduction, and phylogenetic relationships.

4. Which organisms are known to form ‘red tides’?

a) Diatoms

b) Dinoflagellates

c) Cyanobacteria

d) Euglenoids

Explanation: Dinoflagellates, particularly red dinoflagellates like Gonyaulax, can reproduce rapidly and cause ‘red tides’ in the ocean, often releasing toxins harmful to marine life.

5. Which of the following groups is known for its saprophytic mode of nutrition?

a) Plantae

b) Animalia

c) Fungi

d) Protista

Explanation: Fungi are primarily saprophytic, meaning they obtain nutrients by absorbing dissolved organic material, often from dead organisms.

6. What is the term for asexual spores found in fungi?

a) Zoospores

b) Conidia

c) Oospores

d) Zygospores

Explanation: Conidia are asexual, non-motile spores produced by fungi, particularly in Ascomycetes.

7. Which type of nutrition is observed in Kingdom Animalia?

a) Saprophytic

b) Autotrophic

c) Holozoic

d) Chemosynthetic

Explanation: Organisms in Kingdom Animalia exhibit holozoic nutrition, characterized by ingestion and internal digestion of food.

8. Which group of organisms contains cell walls made of chitin?

a) Plantae

b) Fungi

c) Monera

d) Protista

Explanation: The cell walls of fungi are composed of chitin, distinguishing them from plants, which have cell walls made of cellulose.

9. What is the primary mode of reproduction in bacteria?

a) Fragmentation

b) Fission

c) Budding

d) Conjugation

Explanation: Bacteria primarily reproduce asexually through binary fission, where the bacterial cell divides into two genetically identical cells.

10. What type of spores are produced endogenously within a sporangium in Phycomycetes fungi?

a) Zoospores

b) Conidia

c) Aplanospores

d) Basidiospores

Explanation: Phycomycetes fungi produce motile spores called zoospores inside a sporangium, which can spread in aquatic environments.

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11. Which bacteria can fix atmospheric nitrogen in specialized cells called heterocysts?

a) Eubacteria

b) Cyanobacteria

c) Mycoplasma

d) Archaebacteria

Explanation: Certain cyanobacteria, like Nostoc and Anabaena, can fix atmospheric nitrogen in specialized cells called heterocysts.

12. What is the cell wall of diatoms made of?

a) Silica

b) Cellulose

c) Chitin

d) Protein

Explanation: The cell walls of diatoms are embedded with silica, making them rigid and indestructible, often forming large deposits called diatomaceous earth.

13. Which of the following is an example of a unicellular fungus?

a) Penicillium

b) Yeast

c) Rhizopus

d) Mucor

Explanation: Yeast, specifically Saccharomyces, is a unicellular fungus, often used in baking and fermentation processes.

14. Which group in the Protista kingdom contains organisms that can switch between autotrophic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition?

a) Dinoflagellates

b) Euglenoids

c) Chrysophytes

d) Protozoans

Explanation: Euglenoids like Euglena can photosynthesize in sunlight but become heterotrophic when light is unavailable.

15. Which disease is caused by the protozoan Plasmodium?

a) Sleeping sickness

b) Malaria

c) Cholera

d) Typhoid

Explanation: Malaria is caused by the protozoan Plasmodium, which is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito.

16. Which type of asexual spores are produced by fungi in the class Ascomycetes?

a) Conidia

b) Zoospores

c) Aplanospores

d) Sporangiospores

Explanation: In Ascomycetes, asexual reproduction occurs through conidia, which are formed exogenously on conidiophores.

17. The dikaryotic stage in fungi refers to:

a) Haploid cells

b) Diploid cells

c) Cells with two nuclei

d) Asexual spores

Explanation: The dikaryotic stage in fungi occurs when two haploid nuclei coexist in the same cell without immediately fusing.

18. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of viruses?

a) They contain both DNA and RNA

b) They can survive outside host cells

c) They are non-cellular organisms

d) They can photosynthesize

Explanation: Viruses are non-cellular organisms that lack cellular structure. They only become active inside a host cell, where they replicate.

19. Which group of organisms is used as pollution indicators?

a) Bacteria

b) Lichens

c) Fungi

d) Viruses

Explanation: Lichens are sensitive to air pollution, particularly sulfur dioxide, and are commonly used as bioindicators of environmental quality.

20. What are the smallest living cells that lack a cell wall?

a) Mycoplasma

b) Bacteria

c) Viruses

d) Cyanobacteria

Explanation: Mycoplasma are the smallest living cells known, and they lack a cell wall. They can survive without oxygen and are often pathogenic.

21. Which of the following can survive in extreme salty environments?

a) Methanogens

b) Halophiles

c) Thermoacidophiles

d) Cyanobacteria

22. What is the name given to the type of bacteria with a rod shape?

a) Cocci

b) Bacilli

c) Spirilla

d) Vibrio

23. Which organisms are known to form fruiting bodies under unfavorable conditions?

a) Fungi

b) Euglenoids

c) Slime moulds

d) Protozoans

24. Which of the following organisms lacks chlorophyll but is photosynthetic under sunlight?

a) Dinoflagellates

b) Euglenoids

c) Chrysophytes

d) Cyanobacteria

25. What type of reproduction do most fungi undergo?

a) Asexual reproduction only

b) Sexual reproduction only

c) Both asexual and sexual reproduction

d) Budding only

25. Which organisms are known for causing harmful algal blooms?

a) Diatoms

b) Euglenoids

c) Dinoflagellates

d) Green algae

26. Which of the following kingdoms includes organisms that are primarily aquatic and mostly unicellular?

a) Plantae

b) Fungi

c) Monera

d) Protista

27. What type of bacteria are known to produce methane gas?

a) Cyanobacteria

b) Eubacteria

c) Archaebacteria

d) Mycoplasma

28. In the Five Kingdom Classification, which group is characterized by the presence of a nuclear membrane?

a) Monera

b) Protista

c) Fungi

d) Both b and c

29. What type of fungi are commonly known as sac fungi?

a) Basidiomycetes

b) Deuteromycetes

c) Phycomycetes

d) Ascomycetes

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