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NCERT Based Geography MCQ 9th Class
NCERT Based Biology MCQ - 11th
NCERT Based MCQ with Explanation:
1. What is biodiversity, as described by Edward Wilson?
(a) The variety of ecosystems only
(b) The combined diversity at all levels of biological organization
(c) The number of species in a single ecosystem
(d) The genetic variation within a single species
Explanation: Edward Wilson popularized the term "biodiversity" to describe the combined diversity at all levels of biological organization, including genetic, species, and ecological diversity, as stated in the chapter.
2. How many species of ants are mentioned in the chapter?
(a) 10,000
(b) 20,000
(c) 30,000
(d) 40,000
Explanation: The text mentions that there are more than 20,000 species of ants, highlighting the vast diversity of life on Earth.
3. Which level of biodiversity includes variation within a single species, such as Rauwolfia vomitoria?
(a) Species diversity
(b) Ecological diversity
(c) Genetic diversity
(d) Ecosystem diversity
Explanation: Genetic diversity refers to the variation at the genetic level within a single species, exemplified by the different potency of reserpine in Rauwolfia vomitoria across Himalayan ranges.
4. Which region in India has greater amphibian species diversity?
(a) Eastern Ghats
(b) Western Ghats
(c) Himalayan foothills
(d) Deccan Plateau
Explanation: The chapter states that the Western Ghats have greater amphibian species diversity compared to the Eastern Ghats, illustrating species diversity.
5. Which country has greater ecological diversity due to its variety of ecosystems like deserts and rainforests?
(a) Norway
(b) India
(c) Colombia
(d) Greenland
Explanation: India is highlighted for its ecological diversity, with ecosystems ranging from deserts to rainforests, unlike a country like Norway, which has less variety.
6. According to the IUCN (2004), how many species have been described so far?
(a) 1.5 million
(b) 2 million
(c) 7 million
(d) 10 million
Explanation: The chapter cites the IUCN (2004) stating that slightly more than 1.5 million plant and animal species have been described.
7. What is Robert May’s estimate of global species diversity?
(a) 1.5 million
(b) 7 million
(c) 20 million
(d) 50 million
Explanation: Robert May’s conservative estimate, as mentioned in the chapter, places global species diversity at about 7 million.
8. What percentage of recorded species are animals?
(a) 22%
(b) 50%
(c) 70%
(d) 90%
Explanation: The chapter notes that more than 70% of all recorded species are animals.
9. Which taxonomic group makes up more than 70% of animal species?
(a) Mammals
(b) Birds
(c) Insects
(d) Reptiles
Explanation: Insects are identified as the most species-rich taxonomic group, comprising more than 70% of all animal species.
10. Why is it difficult to estimate the number of prokaryotic species?
(a) They are too small to study
(b) Conventional taxonomic methods are unsuitable
(c) They are all extinct
(d) They only live in extreme environments
Explanation: The chapter explains that conventional taxonomic methods are not suitable for identifying microbial species, making prokaryotic diversity hard to estimate.
11. What percentage of the world’s land area does India occupy?
(a) 2.4%
(b) 8.1%
(c) 12%
(d) 22%
Explanation: India occupies only 2.4% of the world’s land area, yet it has a significant share of global species diversity.
12. What is India’s share of global species diversity?
(a) 2.4%
(b) 8.1%
(c) 12%
(d) 22%
Explanation: Despite its small land area, India contributes 8.1% to global species diversity, making it a megadiversity country.
13. How many plant species have been recorded in India?
(a) 20,000
(b) 45,000
(c) 100,000
(d) 300,000
Explanation: The chapter states that nearly 45,000 species of plants have been recorded from India.
14. How many animal species are estimated to be undiscovered in India based on May’s global estimate?
(a) 45,000
(b) 100,000
(c) 300,000
(d) 1,000,000
Explanation: Applying May’s estimate that 22% of species are recorded, the chapter estimates over 300,000 animal species in India are yet to be discovered.
15. What pattern of biodiversity decreases as you move from the equator to the poles?
(a) Genetic diversity
(b) Species diversity
(c) Ecological diversity
(d) Latitudinal gradient
Explanation: The latitudinal gradient shows that species diversity decreases from the equator toward the poles, as described in the chapter.
NCERT Based Science MCQ - 10th Class16. How many bird species does Colombia, near the equator, have?
(a) 56
(b) 105
(c) 1,200
(d) 1,400
Explanation: The chapter states that Colombia, located near the equator, has nearly 1,400 species of birds.
17. Which region has the greatest biodiversity on Earth?
(a) Western Ghats
(b) Amazonian rainforest
(c) Himalayan ranges
(d) Sahara Desert
Explanation: The Amazonian rainforest in South America is described as having the greatest biodiversity on Earth.
18. How many plant species are found in the Amazonian rainforest?
(a) 3,000
(b) 40,000
(c) 125,000
(d) 2,000,000
Explanation: The chapter mentions that the Amazonian rainforest is home to more than 40,000 species of plants.
19. What is one hypothesis for greater biodiversity in the tropics?
(a) Frequent glaciations
(b) Long evolutionary time
(c) Less solar energy
(d) Seasonal environments
Explanation: The chapter suggests that the tropics’ undisturbed conditions for millions of years allowed long evolutionary time for species diversification.
20. Who observed the species-area relationship in South American jungles?
(a) Edward Wilson
(b) Robert May
(c) Alexander von Humboldt
(d) David Tilman
Explanation: Alexander von Humboldt noted that species richness increases with area up to a limit, as mentioned in the chapter.
21. What shape does the species-area relationship take on a graph?
(a) Straight line
(b) Rectangular hyperbola
(c) Circle
(d) Parabola
22. What is the typical range of the slope (Z) in the species-area relationship equation?
(a) 0.1 to 0.2
(b) 0.6 to 1.2
(c) 1.5 to 2.0
(d) 2.0 to 3.0
23. What does a steeper slope (Z value of 0.6 to 1.2) indicate in species-area relationships?
(a) Smaller areas
(b) Larger areas like continents
(c) Uniform biodiversity
(d) Lower species richness
24. Who conducted long-term ecosystem experiments showing diversity’s effect on stability?
(a) Paul Ehrlich
(b) David Tilman
(c) Robert May
(d) Alexander von Humboldt
25. What does a stable biological community resist, according to the chapter?
(a) Seasonal changes
(b) Alien species invasions
(c) Genetic mutations
(d) Evolutionary processes
26. What analogy did Paul Ehrlich use to explain the importance of species diversity?
(a) The food chain analogy
(b) The rivet popper hypothesis
(c) The keystone species model
(d) The ecosystem pyramid
27. How many species have become extinct in the last 500 years, according to the IUCN Red List (2004)?
(a) 338
(b) 784
(c) 1,500
(d) 15,500
28. Which species is an example of a recent extinction mentioned in the chapter?
(a) Bald eagle
(b) Dodo
(c) Giant panda
(d) Blue whale
29. What is the current species extinction rate compared to pre-human times?
(a) 10 times faster
(b) 100 to 1,000 times faster
(c) 1,000 to 10,000 times faster
(d) Same as pre-human times
30. What percentage of bird species worldwide face the threat of extinction?
(a) 12%
(b) 23%
(c) 31%
(d) 32%
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