10th Science MCQ Based on NCERT
11th Biology MCQ for HTET, REET Exams
NCERT Based MCQ with Explanation:
1. What event is widely accepted as the starting point of the universe?
(a) Steady State
(b) Big Bang
(c) Nebula Formation
(d) Galactic Collision
Explanation: The Big Bang is described as the violent explosion of a tiny ball with infinite temperature and density, initiating the universe's expansion 13.7 billion years ago.
2. How long ago did the Big Bang event occur?
(a) 4.6 billion years
(b) 13.7 billion years
(c) 3.8 billion years
(d) 500 million years
Explanation: The text states that the Big Bang took place 13.7 billion years before the present, marking the beginning of the universe.
3. What happened to the universe within fractions of a second after the Big Bang?
(a) It contracted
(b) It rapidly expanded
(c) It became transparent
(d) It formed galaxies
Explanation: The document mentions a particularly rapid expansion within fractions of a second after the Big Bang, followed by a slower expansion.
4. When did the first atom begin to form after the Big Bang?
(a) Within 300,000 years
(b) Within 3 minutes
(c) After 5-6 billion years
(d) After 13.7 billion years
Explanation: The text specifies that the first atom began to form within the first three minutes from the Big Bang event.
5. What temperature did the universe drop to 300,000 years after the Big Bang?
(a) 4,500 K
(b) 13.7 K
(c) 2,000 K
(d) 9,000 K
Explanation: The document states that within 300,000 years, the temperature dropped to 4,500 Kelvin, allowing atomic matter to form.
6. What does the expansion of the universe refer to?
(a) Increase in galaxy size
(b) Increase in space between galaxies
(c) Formation of new stars
(d) Cooling of the universe
Explanation: The text defines the expansion of the universe as an increase in space between galaxies, supported by scientific evidence.
7. Who proposed the steady state theory as an alternative to the Big Bang?
(a) Wegener
(b) Hoyle
(c) Hubble
(d) Einstein
Explanation: Hoyle’s concept of a steady state universe is mentioned as an alternative, though it is less favored today.
8. What caused matter to clump together in the early universe?
(a) Solar winds
(b) Differences in gravitational forces
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) Volcanic eruptions
Explanation: Initial density differences led to gravitational forces drawing matter together, forming galaxies.
9. What is a nebula in the context of star formation?
(a) A dense star
(b) A large cloud of hydrogen gas
(c) A type of planet
(d) A galaxy core
Explanation: The text describes a nebula as a very large cloud of hydrogen gas where stars begin to form.
10. How long ago are stars believed to have started forming?
(a) 13.7 billion years
(b) 5-6 billion years
(c) 4.6 billion years
(d) 3.8 billion years
Explanation: The formation of stars is stated to have taken place some 5-6 billion years ago.
12th Biology MCQ for PGT Biology Exams11. What is a light year a measure of?
(a) Time
(b) Speed
(c) Distance
(d) Temperature
Explanation: A light year is defined as the distance light travels in one year, equaling 9.461 × 10¹² km.
12. How fast does light travel per second?
(a) 300,000 km
(b) 149,598 km
(c) 9.461 km
(d) 4,500 km
Explanation: The text specifies that light travels at a speed of 300,000 km/second.
13. What is the mean distance between the Sun and Earth in light years?
(a) 8.311 minutes
(b) 149.598 light years
(c) 4.6 light years
(d) 13.7 light years
Explanation: The distance between the Sun and Earth (149,598,000 km) is equivalent to 8.311 minutes of light travel.
14. What is the first stage in the formation of planets?
(a) Collision of planetesimals
(b) Formation of a gas core and disc
(c) Condensation of gas clouds
(d) Accretion of large bodies
Explanation: The text lists the first stage as stars forming a gas core with a rotating disc of gas and dust.
15. What are planetesimals?
(a) Large planets
(b) Small-rounded objects
(c) Gas clouds
(d) Star clusters
Explanation: Planetesimals are described as small-rounded objects formed by the condensation of gas clouds.
16. How do larger planetary bodies form from planetesimals?
(a) Photosynthesis
(b) Collision and gravitational attraction
(c) Cooling of gas clouds
(d) Degassing
Explanation: The text explains that larger bodies form by collision and gravitational attraction sticking material together.
17. What was the initial state of the Earth?
(a) Lush and green
(b) Barren, rocky, and hot
(c) Covered with oceans
(d) Cold and icy
Explanation: The Earth is described as initially barren, rocky, and hot with a thin hydrogen-helium atmosphere.
18. How old is the Earth according to scientific estimates?
(a) 13.7 billion years
(b) 4.6 billion years
(c) 3.8 billion years
(d) 500 million years
Explanation: The text mentions the Earth’s evolution over 4,600 million (4.6 billion) years.
19. What caused the Earth’s material to separate into layers?
(a) Solar winds
(b) Increase in density and temperature
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) Volcanic eruptions
Explanation: A gradual increase in density and temperature caused heavier materials to sink and lighter ones to rise.
20. Which layer of the Earth has the least density?
(a) Crust
(b) Mantle
(c) Outer core
(d) Atmosphere
Explanation: The atmospheric matter is stated to have the least density compared to the Earth’s interior layers.
21. What process led to the development of the Earth’s crust?
(a) Degassing
(b) Differentiation
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) Condensation
22. What event further heated the Earth during its formation?
(a) Solar winds
(b) Giant impact forming the Moon
(c) Volcanic eruptions
(d) Photosynthesis
23. Which layer of the Earth has the highest density?
(a) Crust
(b) Mantle
(c) Inner core
(d) Outer core
24. How many stages are there in the evolution of the Earth’s atmosphere?
(a) Two
(b) Three
(c) Four
(d) Five
25. What stripped off the Earth’s early hydrogen-helium atmosphere?
(a) Volcanic eruptions
(b) Solar winds
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) Degassing
26. What process released gases from the Earth’s interior?
(a) Differentiation
(b) Degassing
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) Condensation
27. Which gas was scarce in the Earth’s early atmosphere?
(a) Nitrogen
(b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Free oxygen
(d) Methane
28. What contributed water vapor and gases to the early atmosphere?
(a) Solar winds
(b) Continuous volcanic eruptions
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) Planetesimal collisions
29. How old are the Earth’s oceans estimated to be?
(a) 4,000 million years
(b) 13.7 billion years
(c) 500 million years
(d) 3.8 billion years
30. What process began adding oxygen to the oceans?
(a) Degassing
(b) Photosynthesis
(c) Volcanic eruptions
(d) Differentiation
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